Statistical physics modelling of azo dyes biosorption onto modified powder of Acorus calamus in batch reactor

The methylene blue adsorption was carried out on a natural material powder of Acorus calamus treated firstly with H2SO4 and then activated by KMnO4. new called PACK. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, pHpzc analysis, SEM micrograph were to characterize the material. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order pseudo-nth order constant rates calculated for analysis dynamics sorption process, showing that kinetics followed model. Among tested isotherm models, R-P considered be most relevant describe MB onto Advanced statistical physics monolayer single-energy, two-energy, double-layer two-energy used analyze mechanism (MB) understand PACK adsorbent performance. Based R2 values obtained, model found suitable From this, assumed two different sites energies, E1 first site E2 second site. These receptor can interact variable number molecules (n), n1 type n2 sites. capacity this about 1500 mg/g at 30 °C. potential PACK, readily available use as an alternative biosorbent eliminate color from aqueous solutions, therefore confirmed.